A
See: A Record
Glossary of terms
The glossary of domain related abbreviations and terms shall help you to find your way in the complex world of domains.
A Record
32-bit IPv4 address, used to map hostnames to an IP address of the host test.example.com. 28800 IN A 192.0.2.1
AAAA
See: AAAA Record
AAAA Record
128-bit IPv6 address, used to map hostnames to an IP address of the host. test.example.com. 28800 IN AAAA 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334
ACL
Access Control List
ACRA
Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority
ADR
Alternative Dispute Resolution
ANSI
American National Standards Institute
APEWS
Abuse Prevention Early Warning System
API
Application Programming Interface
ASCII
Stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. Computers can only understand numbers, so an ASCII code is the numerical representation of a character such as 'a' or '@' or an action of some sort.
ccTLD
Abbreviation for country code top level domain. Examples are .de for Germany, .fr for France and .us for the USA. The ccTLDs are geographically defined and composed of two letters.
CNAME
See: CNAME Record
CNAME Record
Alias of the domain name, the DNS lookup will continue by retrying the lookup with the new name. foo.example.com. 28800 IN CNAME bar.example.com.
CoCCA
Country Code Administrators Incorporated
CRT
Certificate
CSR
Certificate Signing Request
DAS
Domain Availability Service
DKIM
DKIM attaches a new domain name identifier to a message and uses cryptographic techniques to validate authorization for its presence. The identifier is independent of any other identifier in the message, such in the author's From: field. The first version of DKIM synthesized and enhanced Yahoo!'s DomanKeys and Cisco's Identified Internet Mail specifications. It was the result of a year-long collaboration among numerous industry players, during 2005, to develop an open-standard e-mail authentication specification. Participants included Alt-N Technologies, AOL, Brandenburg InternetWorking, Cisco, EarthLink, IBM, Microsoft, PGP Corporation, Sendmail, StrongMail Systems, Tumbleweed, VeriSign and Yahoo!. The team produced the initial specification and several implementations. It then submitted the work to the IETF for further enhancement and formal standardization.
DMARC
Which stands for “Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance”, is an email authentication, policy, and reporting protocol. It builds on the widely deployed SPF and DKIM protocols, adding linkage to the author (“From:”) domain name, published policies for recipient handling of authentication failures, and reporting from receivers to senders, to improve and monitor protection of the domain from fraudulent email.
Domain
An internet address, also called web address, e.g. key-systems.net. It helps to identify computers on the Internet. The domain is part of the URL of a website (e.g. http://www.key-systems.net). It is composed of a term (key-systems), a subsequent point (.) and a top level domain (e.g. .net). The term which prefixes the top level domain, can be divided into further levels (Subdomain). A domain describes a name space on the Internet.
EAP
Early Access Phase
EPP
Extensible Provisioning Protocol
FoA
Form of Authorisation
GDPR
General Data Protection Regulation proposed by the European Commission will strengthen and unify data protection for individuals within the European Union (EU), whilst addressing the export of personal data outside the EU.
See: DSGVO
HKDNR
Hong Kong Domain Name Registration Company Limited
HOMER
Hosting Management Environment Repository
IANA
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority https://www.iana.org/
ICANN
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers https://www.icann.org/
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IETF
Internet Engineering Task Force https://www.ietf.org/
IPS TAG
Internet Provider Security Tag used to identify .UK domain registrars
IRTP
Inter-Registrar Transfer Policy
LoA
Letter of Authorisation
MX Record
Mail exchange record, maps a domain name to a mailserver for that domain. Composed of priority, a 16 bit integer, and the hostname of the mailserver. example.com. 28800 IN MX 10 mail.example.com.
NAPTR
See: NAPTR Record
NAPTR Record
Naming Authority Pointer, allows regular expression based rewriting of domain names which can then be used as URIs, further domain names to lookups, etc. NAPTR records are composed of a priority, a preference, which helps to order records with identical priority, similar to the SRV records weight, a flag for the returned record type, a service name, which is offered by the server, a regular expression rule and a replacement. srv.ex.com. 28800 IN NAPTR 100 10 "A" "" "!^.*$!prodsrv.ex.com!"
NAST
Name Server Tester
NDA
Non-Disclosure Agreement
NS Record
Delegates a DNS zone to use the given authoritative name servers. ns1.example.com. 28800 NS nameserver.example.org.
OPN
Operations and Notifications
OT&E
Operational Test & Evaluation
PCA
Persona De Contacto Administrativo
PCF
Persona De Contacto De Facturacion
PCT
Persona De Contacto Tecnico
PIR
Public Interest Registry http://pir.org/
PoA
Power of Attorney
POSIX
Portable Operating System Interface
RAA
Registrar Accreditation Agreement
RDBMS
Relational Database Management System
RDDS
Registration Directory Data System
RDSMS
Relational Data Stream Management System
RNH
Registered Name Holder
ROID
Repository Object IDentifier
RR
Resource Record
RRP
Registry Registrar Protocol
SLA
Service Level Agreement
SMD
Signed Mark Data
SOAP
Simple Object Access Protocol
SPF
A Sender Policy Framework record is a type of Domain Name Service (DNS) record that identifies which mail servers are permitted to send email on behalf of your domain. The purpose of an SPF record is to prevent spammers from sending messages that imitate your domain during an email connection. Several emails sent through the RRPproxy system can be customised but might be interpreted by automated systems as spam due to the sender being unknown by the domain. Therefore, IP addresses have to be added to your SPF records for the RRPproxy system, which can be found in the help description (blue question mark next to "Email sender address") of the respective reselling service (e. g. Account --> Settings --> (Tab) Reselling --> ERRP) that utilises email submission and a customised email address . 3.1.3. Multiple Strings in a Single DNS record As defined in [RFC1035] sections 3.3.14 and 3.3, a single text DNS record (either TXT or SPF RR types) can be composed of more than one string. If a published record contains multiple strings, then the record MUST be treated as if those strings are concatenated together without adding spaces. For example: IN TXT "v=spf1 .... first" "second string..." MUST be treated as equivalent to IN TXT "v=spf1 .... firstsecond string..." SPF or TXT records containing multiple strings are useful in constructing records that would exceed the 255-byte maximum length of a string within a single TXT or SPF RR record.
SQL
Structured Query Language is used to communicate with a database. According to ANSI, it is the standard language for relational database management systems. SQL statements are used to perform tasks such as update data on a database, or retrieve data from a database.
SRF
Secretaria da Receita Federal
SRS
Shared Registry System
SRV
See: SRV Record
SRV Record
Service location record, used for newer protocols instead of creating protocol-specific records such as MX. The SRV record is composed of a priority, a weight, which serves as second level priority between services with identical priority, a port, the TCP or UDP port where the service can be found, and the target, the name of the service providing host. _jabber._tcp.example.com. 28800 IN SRV 0 5 5060 jabber.example.com
Top level domain
Abbreviation: TLD, viewed from the right hand side, the first character group (.net) and thus highest level of the domain name (key-systems.net). Domain names are composed of a sequence of characters separated by points. Those character groups match hierarchically arranged name spaces. The hierarchy of the character groups declines from right to left.
TXT
See: TXT Record
TXT Record
Free definable, descriptive text. test.example.com. 28800 IN TXT "Free T-Shirts for all!"
UDAI
Unique Domain Authenthication ID
UDRP
Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy
VAT ID
Value Added Tax identification number
WDRP
Whois Data Reminder Policy
WHOIS
WHOIS (pronounced as the phrase "who is") is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information. The protocol stores and delivers database content in a human-readable format. The WHOIS protocol is documented in RFC 3912.
WIPO
World Intellectual Property Organization
X-HTTP
See: X-HTTP Record
X-HTTP Record
X-HTTP records are pseudo resource records in our system representing webforwardings. The resource data is composed of redirection type (REDIRECT or FRAME) and the target. Note that pseudo records will neither appear in the records list nor in the exported BIND file. The creation of a X-HTTP pseudo record will also add an A record though, which can not be deleted as long as the forwarding exists. forwarding.example.org. 28800 IN X-HTTP REDIRECT http://target.example.com
X-SMTP
See: X-SMTP Record
X-SMTP Record
X-SMTP records are pseudo resource records in our system representing mailforwardings. Note that pseudo records will neither appear in the records list nor in the exported BIND file. The first creation of a X-SMTP pseudo record will also add a MX record though, which can not be deleted as long as any mailforwarding exists. The example shows a forwarding from '[email protected]' to '[email protected]'. mario.example.org. 28800 IN X-SMTP itsame@ MAILFORWARD [email protected]